Conifers of Mexico
Mexico has one of the most diverse coniferous floras in the world, with 88 taxa addressed hereunder. Only two nations, China and the United States, encompass greater species diversity; both have a much larger land area. Reviews of the taxonomy, ecology, biodiversity and uses of the conifers of Mexico are provided by the FAO (1960) (which is somewhat dated) and by Gernandt and Pérez de la Rosa (2014). This list has been structured to discriminate taxa that the most recent molecular work has indicated warrant distinction at species rank, although nomenclature may not yet reflect that status; for example, Pinus arizonica var. stormiae is not particularly closely related to Pinus arizonica, but has not yet been described as a distinct species. See the taxa pages linked below for further information.
The following list ranks the Mexican states by the size of their conifer flora, with the number of species shown in parentheses: Jalisco (31 species); Durango (30 species); Nuevo León (29 species); Chihuahua (27 species); Coahuila and Oaxaca (26 species); Puebla and Veracruz (25 species); Hidalgo (24 species); Michoacán (22 species); Chiapas, Guerrero, and México (21 species); Sonora (20 species); Tamaulipas (19 species); San Luis Potosí, Tlaxcala, and Zacatecas (18 species); Sinaloa (16 species); Baja California and Morelos (15 species); Querétaro (14 species); Nayarit (12 species); Distrito Federal (11 species); Aguascalientes (8 species); Guanajuato (7 species); Colima (6 species); Quintana Roo and Yucatan (2 species); Baja California Sur and Tabasco (1 species).
Species |
Distribution in Mexico |
Baja California and Sonora |
|
Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Nuevo León, and Sinaloa |
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Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, and Tamaulipas |
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Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, and Veracruz |
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Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
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Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas |
|
Baja California |
|
Baja California |
|
Baja California |
|
Baja California |
|
Baja California |
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Chiapas, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Yucatan |
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Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Coahuila, Chihuahua, Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, and Zacatecas |
|
Coahuila, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, and Tamaulipas |
|
Coahuila |
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Chihuaua, Durango, and Sonora |
|
Baja California |
|
Coahuila |
|
Chiapas and Hidalgo |
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Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
|
Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Sonora, and Zacatecas |
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Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
|
Durango and Jalisco |
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Sonora and Chihuahua |
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Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Jalisco, México, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
|
Coahuila and Nuevo León |
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Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Zacatecas |
|
Chiapas |
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Chihuahua and Durango |
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Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Nuevo León |
|
Nuevo León |
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Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas |
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Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, and Tamaulipas |
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Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
|
Sonora |
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Baja California |
|
Quintana Roo |
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Pinus cembroides (ssp. cembroides, var. cembroides) |
Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Nuevo León, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, and Veracruz |
|
Baja California |
|
Chihuahua and Durango |
|
Baja California |
|
Coahuila and Nuevo León |
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Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Distrito Federal, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
|
Chihuahua, Durango, and Sonora |
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Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, and Sinaloa |
|
Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacán, Sonora, and Zacatecas |
|
Chihuahua |
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Chihuahua, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Zacatecas |
|
Jalisco |
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Coahuila, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Hidalgo, and Puebla |
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Hidalgo, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis, Potosí, and Veracruz |
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Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
|
Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Oaxaca, and Sinaloa |
|
Jalisco |
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Baja California |
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Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Zacatecas |
|
Baja California Sur |
|
Baja California |
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Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, and Puebla |
|
Chihuahua, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Puebla, Oaxaca, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
|
Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Zacatecas |
|
Durango and Jalisco; but see the species page for notes on a possible wider distribution. |
|
Durango and Zacatecas |
|
Chiapas, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
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Chiapas, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
|
Baja California |
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Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, and Tamalipas |
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Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Puebla, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
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Chiapas, Distrito Federal, Hidalgo, México, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
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Coahuila, Hidalgo, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, and Zacatecas |
|
Jalisco, Nayarit, and Sinaloa |
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Guerrero, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, and Puebla |
|
Pinus pseudostrobus (not var. apulcensis) |
Chiapas, Distrito Federal, Durango, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, and Veracruz |
Pinus pseudostrobus var. apulcensis (= P. oaxacana) |
Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, México, Oaxaca, and Veracruz |
Baja California |
|
Baja California |
|
Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Nuevo León |
|
Michoacán |
|
Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nuevo León, Puebla, Querétaro, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
|
Nuevo León |
|
Chiapas, Guerrero, and Oaxaca |
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Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
|
Jalisco |
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Chihuahua, Durango, Sinaloa, Sonora |
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Chiapas, Jalisco, Puebla, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz |
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Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Sonora, and Zacatecas |
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Chiapas,Coahuila, Distrito Federal, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, and Zacatecas |
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Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz |
Gernandt, David S., and Jorge A. Pérez-de la Rosa. 2014. Biodiversidad de Pinophyta (Coníferas) En México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, https://doi.org/10.7550/rmb.32195.
Mejorado, Norberto Sanchez and Louis Huguet. 1959. Conifers of Mexico. Unasylva 13(1). Available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/x5390e/x5390e04.htm, accessed 2007.08.31.
Last Modified 2023-12-17
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